John Wayne rejected the starring role in All the King’s Men because he thought the script was un-American

American actor who helped cement the Western as a glamorous Hollywood film genre. A top box-office draw for three decades, Wayne also helped epitomize both the cowboy and the film star as part of the American imagination, though it would later come to light that some of his views left quite a bit to be desired. Regardless, it’s hard to deny that John Wayne was a larger-than-life figure unlike any Hollywood has seen, before or since. So pilgrims, giddy on up for these 40 facts about the Duke himself.

1.The head of Fox Studios was a huge Revolutionary War fan, so when it came time to rebrand “Marion ‘Duke’ Morrison” into someone who belonged in front of the camera, they chose the surname “Wayne,” after Revolutionary War General Anthony Wayne, and the first name “John” simply because of its syllabic symmetry to “Wayne.” It’s that simple.

Wayne always preferred his childhood name, “Duke Morrison,” to his eventual stage name. He once said, “”I’m Duke Morrison, and I never was and never will be a film personality like John Wayne.”

A serious bodysurfing injury flung Wayne out of the ocean and into show business. Wrecking his shoulder, Wayne (then Marion Morrison) lost his place on the University of Southern California football team, along with his athletic scholarship! He had no choice but to leave school and take a job working on movie sets.

Before he was saddling horses, one of Wayne’s first post-school jobs was saddling furniture as a prop guy at Fox Studios in 1927.

As a lifelong chess enthusiast, Wayne had a star-studded list of chess partners: Marlene Dietrich, Rock Hudson, and Robert Mitchum were just some of the people who went check-to-check with the Duke.

John Wayne was the first person to publicly refer to cancer as “The Big C.” He came up with the idiom to make his struggle with the illness less “scary” to studio executives in the early 60s.

In his first battle with cancer, Wayne lost a rib and half of one lung, and yet he still managed to hold press conference in his own living room shortly after in order maintain his strong public image.

ohn Wayne famously walked away from the lead role in High Noon because he felt the movie was an allegory against blacklisting—an activity which, as a staunch conservative, Wayne supported. Later in life, Wayne had zero regrets about helping get the movie’s screenwriter, Carl Foreman, blacklisted and run out of the country.

Don’t ask the Duke about Duke University. When John Wayne Enterprises tried to register a Kentucky bourbon based on John “the Duke” Wayne, it was Duke University who tried to stop them, saying that they are “committed to protecting the integrity of Duke University’s trademarks.”

Wayne got his first leading role in The Big Trail (1930), after director Raoul Walsh spotted him when he was a handsome young prop boy moving furniture on the set of another film.

After the first picture he starred in flopped financially, Wayne was relegated to smaller roles…until 1939’s Stagecoach, that is. The western was a smash hit, but initially, Wayne’s history as a B-movie regular made it hard for director John Ford to secure funding for the film.

Wayne’s guilt over not serving in World War II haunted him for life. Although many of his Hollywood peers volunteered to fight, Wayne himself did not make particularly great efforts to change his own draft exemption. Although he wrote to his friend about wanting to enlist, he kept postponing until he “finished just one or two pictures.” Part of this procrastination might have been because Republic Studios was very resistant to losing their only A-list actor under contract.

Wayne rejected the starring role in All the King’s Men (1949) because he thought the script was un-American. Broderick Crawford eventually took the role, winning the 1949 Academy Award for Best Actor…incidentally beating out Wayne who was nominated for Sands of Iwo Jima (1949).

Despite a long and critically acclaimed career, Wayne was only nominated for Best Actor at the Oscars twice: once for Sands of Iwo Jima (1949), then winning 20 years later for True Grit (1969).

Wayne was fluent in Spanish and all of this of his wives were of Hispanic or Latin descent.

owards the end of the 1940s, Wayne’s hair began to thin, so he started wearing hairpieces. However, he wasn’t overly insecure about it, and he often showed up in public without it, such as at Gary Cooper’s funeral.

n 1974, the conservative, pro-Vietnam War actor was invited by The Harvard Lampoon to accept the “Brass Balls Award” for his “Outstanding machismo and penchant for punching people.” Wayne graciously accepted in person at The Harvard Square Theater, riding out on an armored personnel carrier manned by the “Black Knights” of Troop D, Fifth Regiment. Wayne graced his way through a series of derogatory questions and apparently won over his audience

No pulling one over John Wayne’s eyes, I’ll give him that.

Because of Wayne’s star power and conservative views, Republican party backers frequently approached Wayne about a stab at public office. Wayne would always decline, joking that the people would never take an actor seriously in the White House. This didn’t stop him from supporting his friend Ronald Reagan’s bid for Governor of California in 1966 and 1970.

For the first time in his life, Wayne got hate mail from Republicans after he sided with President Jimmy Carter and the Democrats over the Panama Canal. Wayne’s first wife, Josephine, was a native of Panama, and he himself was close friends with the late Panamanian leader Omar Torrijos Herrera. Perhaps unsurprisingly then, he supported the Panamanian people’s right to control the precious territory.

Contrary to pretty much everything he did/said in his later life, Wayne identified as a Socialist during his college days at USC.

Wayne converted to Roman Catholicism shortly before his death by stomach cancer at the age of 72. He requested that his tombstone read, “Feo, Fuerte y Formal,” a Spanish epitaph Wayne described as meaning “ugly, strong, and dignified.”

There’s an urban legend that John Wayne died with 40 pounds of red meat lodged in his digestive tract. However, many are quick to point out that since Wayne died naturally of cancer, he didn’t receive an autopsy, ergo, no opportunity for meat discovery. This is one tall tale that’s probably getting put in the “baloney” pile (no pun intended).

John Wayne publicly made numerous anti-gay remarks over his life, denouncing homosexual themes in films such as Suddenly, Last Summer (1959) and They Came to Condura (1959). Despite his prejudice, Wayne costarred in films and played chess with Rock Hudson, even though he knew about the latter actor’s sexuality. The two remained good friends until Wayne’s death in 1979.

Nearly half of people who were involved in John Wayne’s The Conqueror (1956) would end up dying of cancer. Specifically, 91 out of the 220 people—including the director, every main supporting cast member, and Wayne himself—would succumb to the illness, though these numbers don’t include extras or people involved in filming the movie.

John Wayne has been in more leading roles than any other actor. He starred in 175 movies and out of those, he was the lead in 142 of them.

The Duke was very superstitious. He didn’t even like people passing salt to him or leaving a hat on the bed. To his credit, you must be some kind of psychopath to leave a hat on the bed.

The United States government awarded Wayne with two medals. First, in 1979, he won the Congressional Gold Medal and then, in 1980, he was awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom.

Wayne “lost” his own middle name to a sibling. The actor was born “Marion Robert Morrison,” but after the birth of his little brother in 1911, his parents named the baby Robert Emmett Morison and changed the man who would be John Wayne’s name to “Marion Michael Morrison.” Needless to say, these birth certificate revisions made things confusing for Wayne’s future biographers.

proc. by MOVIES